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The Black Neon Tetra, scientifically known as Hyphessobrycon herbertaxelrodi, is a captivating species of freshwater fish that belongs to the Characidae family. This small, yet visually stunning fish is native to the rivers and streams of South America, particularly in Brazil and Paraguay. The Black Neon Tetra has garnered popularity among aquarists and fish enthusiasts worldwide due to its striking appearance and peaceful nature, making it a desirable addition to community aquariums.

One of the most distinctive features of the Black Neon Tetra is its coloration and patterning. The body of this fish is elongated and somewhat cylindrical, typical of many tetra species, and it reaches an adult size of approximately 1.5 inches (4 cm) in length. The base color of its body is a translucent silver that shimmers beautifully under aquarium lighting. Running along the midline of its body is a horizontal stripe that is a deep, iridescent black, giving the fish its common name. Above this black stripe is another line, this one a bright, neon green or blue, which contrasts strikingly against the darker hue below it. This combination of colors not only makes the Black Neon Tetra visually appealing but also helps it stand out in a planted aquarium setting.

In terms of behavior, Black Neon Tetras are known for their peaceful and schooling nature. They thrive in groups of six or more, which helps mimic their natural social structure and reduces stress among individuals. Observing a school of Black Neon Tetras moving in unison through the water, with their colors flashing and reflecting light, is a sight to behold and one of the reasons they are so beloved by aquarium hobbyists. They are generally non-aggressive and can coexist harmoniously with other similarly sized and tempered fish species, making them an excellent choice for community tanks.

When it comes to their habitat and care, Black Neon Tetras are relatively easy to maintain, making them suitable for both novice and experienced fish keepers. They prefer soft, slightly acidic to neutral water (pH 5.5 to 7.5) and thrive in temperatures ranging from 72°F to 80°F (22°C to 27°C). While they can adapt to various water conditions, they do best in well-planted aquariums that offer plenty of hiding spots and open swimming areas. This mimics their natural environment in the densely vegetated waters of South America and helps keep the fish healthy and stress-free.

Diet-wise, Black Neon Tetras are omnivores and not particularly fussy eaters. They will readily accept a wide variety of foods, including high-quality flake food, frozen or freeze-dried brine shrimp, daphnia, and bloodworms. Providing a varied diet ensures that the fish receive all the necessary nutrients for optimal health and vibrant colors.

Breeding Black Neon Tetras in captivity can be a rewarding experience, though it requires some preparation. They are egg scatterers, and the breeding tank should have fine-leaved plants or a spawning mop where the female can deposit her eggs. After spawning, it is advisable to remove the adult fish to prevent them from eating the eggs. The fry are tiny and require infusoria or other suitable micro-food until they are large enough to eat crushed flake food or newly hatched brine shrimp.

In summary, the Black Neon Tetra is a beautiful, peaceful, and relatively easy-to-care-for fish that can add a splash of color and activity to any freshwater aquarium. Its striking appearance, coupled with its schooling behavior, makes it a favorite among aquarists. With proper care and a suitable environment, Black Neon Tetras can thrive and bring joy to their keepers for many years.